Kusanthula pa kusankha chida chowunikira kayendedwe ka madzi mu dongosolo la netiweki ya mapaipi akumatauni

Dongosolo la mapaipi a m'mizinda ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa njira zotulutsira madzi m'mizinda. Pamene dzikolo likuika kufunika kwa kuteteza chilengedwe ndi kubwezeretsanso zinthu, ndiye njira yamtsogolo yomanga mzinda wamadzi anzeru ndi wa siponji. Kuwonetsa deta ndi kuyang'anira deta pakati, ukadaulo watsopano wa masensa, ukadaulo wa Internet of Things, kufalikira kwa 5G, ndi zina zotero, zimapangitsa kuti kuyang'anira zachilengedwe kukhale kosavuta komanso kumapereka maziko omangira nsanja yoyezera mitambo pa intaneti. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mzinda wa siponji ndi njira yatsopano komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino madzi a m'mizinda. Chifukwa chake kuyang'anira momwe madzi amagwiritsidwira ntchito m'mizinda ndi njira yothandiza yobwezeretsanso madzi.

Dongosolo la mapaipi apansi panthaka mumzinda nthawi zambiri limagawidwa m'magawo atatu oyambira a maukonde a mapaipi malinga ndi ntchito zawo: maukonde a mapaipi amadzi amvula, maukonde a mapaipi amadzi amchere ndi maukonde a mapaipi osakanikirana, ndipo maukonde atatu a mapaipi onse ali ndi vuto la mikhalidwe yosakwanira ya mapaipi. Mitundu itatu ya mikhalidwe yosakhutira ya mapaipi ndi yosiyana: maukonde amadzi amchere nthawi zambiri pamakhala ma precipitations, zimbudzi zimakhala ndi zinthu zopachikidwa, zimbudzi zamafakitale zitha kukhala ndi madzi enaake owononga, posankha chida chowunikira kayendedwe ka madzi pamene mulingo woteteza ndi kulekerera kwa mankhwala kwa chipangizocho; Pali mikhalidwe iwiri yosinthana ya chitoliro chonse ndi chitoliro chosakhutira, chomwe chimasiyana kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya mvula komanso kutulutsa kwa nyengo ndi madera. Mapaipi osakanikirana ali ndi mawonekedwe onse a zimbudzi ndi mapaipi amadzi amvula.

Pa vuto la chubu chosakhutira, njira yabwino yodziwira ndi Doppler flowmeter, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya njira ya flow rate ya dera. Kawirikawiri, Doppler probe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza liwiro la kuyenda, kenako sensa ya pressure kapena ultrasound sensor imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza mulingo wamadzimadzi. Pa mtundu wa chubu chodzaza nthawi zina osati mkhalidwe wa chubu chodzaza, chifukwa chubu chodzaza cha payipi ndi kuthamanga, choncho sankhani chida ngati pali njira yolipirira kuthamanga, kuti muwonetsetse bwino kuti detayo ndi yoona. Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyengo ndi zimbudzi, madera ena ali ndi nyengo ya Meiyu, kutentha kwa madzi mu payipi kudzasinthanso, mu mfundo ya ultrasound yoyezera, liwiro la mawu lidzasintha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha kwapakati, ngati pali ntchito yolipirira kutentha posankha zida, zidzapangitsa deta kukhala yokhazikika. Poganizira za mikhalidwe yapadera yogwirira ntchito mu netiweki ya mapaipi apansi panthaka, makamaka mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito ya chitoliro cha madzi amvula, mapaipi onse osakwanira komanso odzaza angawonekere, ndipo zinthu zosakhudzana zikuyikidwa ndikupangidwa.

Opanga omwe amapezeka pamsika nthawi zambiri amakhala Doppler probe + chipangizo choyezera mulingo wamadzimadzi + chitsanzo choyezera, mu ntchito ya sensa ili ndi makhalidwe akeake. Zipangizo zoyezera mapaipi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokonda kuphatikizidwa, chifukwa kukula kwa payipi ndi kosiyana, kukula kochepa ndi kuphatikiza kwa chida ndikofunikira kwambiri —– kuti mbali yomanga ichepetse zovuta zomangira, kukhazikitsa kosavuta, chifukwa mbali yogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza ilinso yopanda kusamalira masensa angapo, kuti mwiniwake achepetse ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza mtsogolo ndikuchepetsa nthawi yosafunikira yomanga. Thupi la sensa lomwe lili ndi digiri yapamwamba yolumikizira limakhala lothandiza kwambiri pazosowa zonse.

Kenako kuyika kwa sensa nthawi zambiri kumakhala kuyika mbale yapansi kapena hoop yamkati, malinga ndi kukula kwa payipi ndi zinthu za payipi kuti musankhe kuyika koyenera.

Sankhani chida, chonde samalani ndi momwe malo alili, monga momwe zimatulutsira, momwe zimaperekera magetsi, ndi zina zotero.