Monga imodzi mwa zodziwika kwambirimuyeso wa kayendedwe ka madziZipangizo zamafakitale padziko lonse lapansi, ma electromagnetic flowmeters (mag meters) amadalira lamulo la Faraday la Electromagnetic Induction kuti awerengere kuchuluka kwa madzi oyendera. Mosiyana ndi ma turbine, vortex kapena ma ultrasound metres, ali ndi payipi yopanda chopinga popanda ziwalo zoyenda kapena zotuluka mkati, zomwe sizimataya mphamvu komanso sizigwirizana bwino ndi zinthu zambiri zovuta. Cholepheretsa chawo chachikulu n'chodziwikiratu: amangogwira ntchito pamadzi oyendera magetsi, pomwe madzi osayendera magetsi, gasi ndi nthunzi sizingayesedwe. Pogwirizanitsa ma liners ndi ma electrodes osinthidwa, mag meters amasinthasintha kuti agwirizane ndi madzi oyera, mankhwala owononga, slurry yowononga ndi zinthu zamadzimadzi zaukhondo, zomwe zimakhudza pafupifupi zochitika zonse zazikulu zoyezera madzimadzi amafakitale.
Choyamba, madzi oyera komanso osawononga dzimbiri ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Madzi a m'mataipi a m'matauni, madzi apansi panthaka, madzi ozizira ozungulira, madzi ophikira boiler ndi madzi otayira m'nyumba ndi njira zoyezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa madzi wamba omwe ali ndi mphamvu yocheperako kuposa 5μS/cm, ma electrode achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri a 316L ophatikizidwa ndi rabara wolimba kapena polyurethane liners amakwaniritsa ntchito yokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali. M'malo osungira madzi ndi maukonde a mapaipi otenthetsera m'nyumba, ma mag meters amalemba molondola kuchuluka kwa madzi.kuyendapoyang'anira ndalama zolipirira ndi kuyang'anira bwino mapaipi. Malo oyeretsera zinyalala amadalira kwambiri ma mag meters kuti atsatire madzi otayidwa osaphika, zinyalala zotsukidwa ndi mankhwala oyeretsera. Ngakhale madzi otayidwa osindikizidwa ndi nsalu omwe amanyamula zotsalira za utoto, tinthu ta ulusi wopachikidwa ndi madzi a pH osalowerera amatha kuyezedwa moyenera, chifukwa chubu cholunjika chimapewa kutsekeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zinyalala ndi ma floccules. Kusintha kwa kutentha kuchokera ku malo abwinobwino mpaka 80°C madzi otentha sikusokoneza kulondola kwa muyeso, zomwe zimapangitsa mag meters kukhala abwino kuposa makina oyeretsera madzi kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino madzi.
Chachiwiri, mankhwala owononga kwambiri ndi njira ina yofunika kwambiri. Mafakitale a mankhwala amanyamula madzi ambiri a acidic, alkaline ndi saline, kuphatikizapo hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, brine ndi hypochlorite disinfection agents. Madzi awa amawononga mofulumira zigawo zachitsulo wamba, kotero mag meter amagwiritsa ntchito zigawo zonyowa ndi dzimbiri kuti athetse vutoli. Ma PTFE kapena PFA fluoroplastic liners amapereka kusagwirizana kwathunthu kwa mankhwala motsutsana ndi ma acid amphamvu ndi alkali ambiri. Zipangizo za electrode zimasinthidwa kukhala Hastelloy C, titanium kapena tantalum kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri pa dzimbiri: titanium imayenerera madzi a m'nyanja ndi chloride, pomwe tantalum imapirira pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya asidi amphamvu. Mag meters imathandizira molondola.kuyendakuwongolera panthawi yosakaniza, kuletsa zinthu komanso njira zochitira zinthu, kuonetsetsa kuti mankhwala apangidwa bwino komanso kuchepetsa zinyalala za zinthu zopangira.
Chachitatu, ma slurries a abrasive solid-liquid awiri-phase ndi oyenera kwambiri ma electromagneticmuyeso wa kayendedwe ka madzi. Zamkati mwa miyala yamtengo wapatali, matope a mchere, zamkati mwa mapepala, matope a ceramic ndi matope a konkire zili ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tolimba tomwe timawononga mofulumira turbine ndi impeller meters. Mag meter alibe zinthu zosunthika mkati, kotero kugundana kwa tinthu sikungayambitse kulephera kwa makina. Ma polyurethane liners osatopa amalimbana ndi kukangana kosalekeza kuchokera ku tinthu ta mchere, pomwe ma circuit othamanga kwambiri amasefa phokoso lopangidwa ndi particle-electrode impact. M'mafakitale opanga zitsulo ndi mapepala, ma mag meter amawunika kayendedwe ka matope mokhazikika, kuchepetsa ndalama zokonzera ndikuwonjezera nthawi yogwirira ntchito ya zida.
Chachinayi, chakudya chaukhondo ndi zakumwa zopangidwa ndi mankhwala zimayimira malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Madzi a chakumwa, mkaka, madzi odyedwa, mankhwala amadzimadzi ndi msuzi wophika amafunika zida zoyezera zosaipitsidwa komanso zosavuta kuyeretsa. Mamita a ukhondo amagwiritsa ntchito ma PTFE liners apamwamba komanso ma electrode opukutidwa achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, kuthandizira kuyeretsa pa intaneti kwa CIP ndi SIP popanda ngodya zakufa zomwe zimabala mabakiteriya. Amasunga kulondola kokhazikika panthawi yosakaniza zakumwa ndi kugawa madzi a mankhwala, mogwirizana ndi chitetezo cha chakudya ndi zofunikira pakupanga mankhwala.
Mwachidule, njira yolumikizira zinthu yosinthasintha imapangazoyezera kuyenda kwa magetsiZimagwirizana ndi pafupifupi zinthu zonse zoyendetsera madzi. Kaya ndi madzi oyera, mankhwala owononga, matope okwiyitsa kapena zakumwa zoyera, ma mag meter amakhalabe olondola komanso osakonzedwa bwino. Pamene njira zamafakitale zikuchulukirachulukira komanso miyezo yowunikira chilengedwe ikukulirakulira, ma electromagnetic flowmeters adzakhalabe chisankho chachikulu poyesa kayendedwe ka zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoyendetsera madzi m'mafakitale a boma, mankhwala, migodi, chakudya ndi madzi otayira.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-10-2026