Ma Electromagnetic Flowmeters: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kodalirika Poyesa Mafunde a Madzi

Ma slurry, monga zosakaniza zovuta zamadzimadzi ndi tinthu tolimba, ndizofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale monga migodi, kukonza mankhwala, kukonza madzi otayidwa, ndi zomangamanga. Kuyeza molondola kayendedwe ka slurry ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukonza njira zopangira, kuwongolera ndalama, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito ndi otetezeka. Pakati pa ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana woyezera kayendedwe ka madzi, ma electromagnetic flowmeters (EMFs) amadziwika ndi ubwino wawo wapadera pothana ndi mavuto omwe amadza chifukwa cha slurry yolimba, yokhuthala, komanso yokhala ndi zinthu zolimba kwambiri.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya EMFs imachokera ku Lamulo la Faraday la kulowetsa magetsi m'magetsi. Pamene matope oyendetsera magetsi akuyenda kudzera mu mphamvu ya maginito yopangidwa ndi ma coil a mita, imayambitsa mphamvu yamagetsi (EMF) yofanana ndi liwiro la kuyenda, mphamvu ya mphamvu ya maginito, ndi mtunda pakati pa ma electrodes. Mphamvu yamagetsi imeneyi imadziwika ndi ma electrodes omwe ali pakhoma la payipi, ndipo flowmeter imaisintha kukhala kuwerenga kolondola kwa kayendedwe ka madzi. Chodziwika bwino n'chakuti, ma EMF amayesa kuchuluka kwa madzi mwachindunji, osakhudzidwa ndi kukhuthala kwa madzi, kuchuluka kwa madzi, kapena kusintha kwa kutentha—zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimasokoneza mitundu ina ya mita.

Ubwino waukulu wa ma EMF pakugwiritsa ntchito matope ndi kapangidwe kawo kosalowerera kapena kodzaza ndi matope. Ma EMF a matope odzaza ndi matope ali ndi kapangidwe kowongoka ka mapaipi opanda ziwalo zosuntha kapena zopinga, zomwe zimachotsa chiopsezo cha kutsekeka, kuwonongeka, kapena kutayika kwa mphamvu chifukwa cha tinthu ta matope. Kapangidwe kameneka kamatsimikizira kuyenda kwa matope osatsekedwa komanso kuchepetsa zosowa zosamalira, phindu lofunika kwambiri la matope okhwima monga migodi kapena zosakaniza za konkriti zomwe zimawononga mosavuta ma flowmeter amakina.

Ma EMF amathandizanso kusinthasintha bwino kwambiri ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matope. Amachita bwino kwambiri ndi matope okhala ndi madzi otulutsa mpweya (monga matope ochokera m'madzi) ndi tinthu tolimba ta kukula kosiyanasiyana, kuyambira matope osalala mpaka ma coarse aggregates. Mitundu yapamwamba ya EMF ili ndi ma electrode osagwira dzimbiri (opangidwa ndi zipangizo monga Hastelloy, titanium, kapena tantalum) ndi ma liners (raba, PTFE, kapena polyurethane), zomwe zimawathandiza kupirira mikhalidwe yovuta ya matope, kuphatikizapo kutentha kwambiri komanso dzimbiri la mankhwala.

Mu mafakitale, ma EMF amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osamalira matope. Mu migodi, amayang'anira kayendedwe ka matope a mchere (monga mkuwa, matope achitsulo) panthawi yotulutsa ndi kukonza, kuonetsetsa kuti matope akuyenda bwino komanso kuwongolera njira zogwirira ntchito. Malo oyeretsera madzi otayidwa amagwiritsa ntchito ma EMF poyesa kuyenda kwa matope, kuthandizira kuchotsa madzi ndi njira zotayira matope pamene akutsatira malamulo okhudza chilengedwe. Mu makampani omanga, amayesa molondola kuyenda kwa matope a konkriti kuti asunge kusakaniza ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kapangidwe kake ndi kabwino.

Kuti muyeze molondola kwambiri, zinthu zingapo zofunika kuziganizira ndi zofunika kuziganizira. Dothi lothira madzi liyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yokwanira yoyendetsera madzi; dothi lothira madzi losagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yoyendetsera madzi (monga mafuta osakaniza) limafuna njira yoyeretsera madzi isanayambe kapena njira zina zoyeretsera madzi. Kukhazikitsa bwino, kuphatikizapo kutalika koyenera kwa mapaipi owongoka pamwamba/pansi, kumapewa kusokonezeka kwa madzi. Kusamalira nthawi zonse, monga kuyeretsa ma electrode ndi kuyang'ana ma liners kuti awone ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito, kumasunga kudalirika kwa kuyeza. Kulinganiza motsatira njira zodziwika bwino (monga matanki a volumetric) kumalimbikitsidwanso pa ntchito zofunika kwambiri.

Pamene mafakitale akupitiliza kuchita bwino kwambiri komanso molondola, ma EMF akupitilizabe kusintha ndi ukadaulo wanzeru, monga kukonza ma signal a digito ndi kutumiza deta opanda zingwe, kukulitsa kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni komanso luso lowongolera kutali. Kutha kwawo kuthana ndi mavuto ovuta a slurry, kuphatikiza kulondola kwambiri komanso kusakonza bwino, kumapangitsa kuti ma electromagnetic flowmeter akhale chida chofunikira kwambiri poyesa kuyenda kwa slurry kwamakono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yabwino kwambiri m'magawo ofunikira a mafakitale.