Pa zoyezera kuyenda kwa magetsi zamagetsi, ndi mikhalidwe iti yogwirira ntchito yoyenera pa lamba, lamba wa PTFE ndi lamba wa PFA?

1. Rabala (Yachilengedwe/Neoprene/CR)
Zabwino kwambiri pa: Ntchito zonse, dzimbiri lochepa mpaka lochepa, madzi oundana, komanso matope okhala ndi thovu lochepa.
Kutentha: Kawirikawiri -10 °C mpaka +80 °C (maulendo afupiafupi mpaka 90 °C).
Kudzimbidwa: Kumalimbana ndi madzi abwino, madzi otayira, madzi a m'nyanja, zimbudzi, asidi/mabowo ofooka (pH 4–10), ndi mafuta.
Kutupa: Pakati; yoyenera matope ofooka, mapepala, ndi ming'alu ya m'migodi (zolimba zochepa).
Kupanikizika: Mpaka PN16–PN25 (1.6–2.5 MPa).
Zoletsa: Si za ma asidi amphamvu, maziko amphamvu, zosungunulira, kapena kutentha kwambiri; zimadzaza ndi ma hydrocarbon.
Makampani: Madzi/madzi otayira, madera, HVAC, njira zonse, migodi (kuchepa kwa kusweka).
2. PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene, Teflon®)
Zabwino kwambiri pa: Zowononga kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri, komanso madzi osapsa.
Kutentha: -40 °C mpaka +130 °C (muyezo); -200 °C mpaka +200 °C (nthawi yayitali, yochepa).
Kudzikundikira: Kwabwino kwambiri—kumalimbana ndi ma asidi ochulukirapo (HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃), maziko olimba (NaOH, KOH), oxidizers (NaClO, H₂O₂), ndi zinthu zambiri zosungunulira zachilengedwe.
Kusweka: Kosalimba—pewani zinthu zolimba kwambiri, mchenga, kapena tinthu tolimba.
Kupanikizika: Kufikira PN25 (2.5 MPa); osati chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa vacuum/negative (chiopsezo cha kugwa).
Zoletsa: Kufooka, kukana kukwawa pang'ono, kusalekerera vacuum; kuukiridwa ndi zitsulo zosungunuka za alkali, mpweya wa fluorine, ClF₃.
Makampani: Kukonza mankhwala, petrochemical, mankhwala, kuyika ma plating, madzi otayira (owononga kwambiri).
3. PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy, “Modified PTFE”)
Zabwino kwambiri pa: Kuyera kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zowononga kwambiri (kukweza pamwamba pa PTFE).
Kutentha: -40 °C mpaka +180 °C (mopitirira); mapiri afupiafupi kufika 200 °C.
Kudzikundikira: Kofanana ndi PTFE—kumalimbana ndi zolumikizira zonse zogwirizana ndi PTFE; kutayikira kwa ion yachitsulo yotsika kwambiri (<1 ppb).
Kusweka: Kuposa PTFE (komwe kuli pakati); koyenera zinthu zolimba zochepa mpaka zochepa.
Kupanikizika: Kufikira PN40 (4.0 MPa); kukana bwino kwa vacuum/negative pressure.
Makina: Yosinthasintha, yolimba, yosagwedezeka; imatha kulumikizidwa ndi kutentha ku chubu (yopanda kuchotsedwa); njira yowonekera/yopepuka ikupezeka.
Kutsatira malamulo: FDA, 3‑A, EHEDG, ASME BPE (miyezo ya ukhondo/yoyera kwambiri).
Zoletsa: Mtengo wokwera (3–5× PTFE); mankhwala osiyana ndi PTFE.
Makampani: Semiconductor (madzi/mankhwala oyera kwambiri), biotech/mankhwala (osathira/CIP/SIP), chakudya/chakumwa (kuyeretsa kutentha kwambiri), mphamvu ya dzuwa, ndi njira zamakono zopangira mankhwala.