Mamita a Madzi a Makina vs. Mamita a Madzi a Magetsi: Kuyerekeza Kokwanira

Mamita amadzi amakina, omwe ndi njira yachikhalidwe kwambiri, amagwira ntchito motsatira mfundo yosavuta koma yoyesedwa nthawi yayitali. Amadalira zida zoyenda—monga ma impeller kapena ma turbine—oyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu ya kayendedwe ka madzi oyenda. Madzi akamadutsa mu mita, amazungulira impeller yamkati, ndipo kuzungulira kumeneku kumatumizidwa kudzera mu dongosolo la magiya kupita ku kauntala yomwe imawonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi konse. Kapangidwe kameneka kasinthidwa kwa zaka zoposa zana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ukadaulo wokhwima komanso wodalirika. Chimodzi mwazabwino zake zazikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama; ndalama zopangira ndi kukhazikitsa ndizochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chachikulu pakuyeza madzi m'nyumba padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma mita amakina safuna gwero lamagetsi lakunja, chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mwachindunji kuchokera ku madzi oyenda. Mbali iyi "yodzisamalira" imawalola kugwira ntchito m'madera akutali kapena m'malo omwe ali ndi magetsi osakhazikika.

Komabe, makina oyezera madzi ali ndi zofooka zodziwika bwino. Ziwalo zawo zoyenda zimatha kuwonongeka pakapita nthawi, makamaka zikakumana ndi madzi okhala ndi zinthu zosafunika monga mchenga, dzimbiri, kapena sikelo. Kuwonongeka kumeneku sikungochepetsa kulondola kwa muyeso komanso kungayambitse kutsekeka, komwe kumafuna kukonza nthawi zonse kapena kusinthidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi chiŵerengero chochepa cha kugwedezeka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amavutika kuyeza molondola madzi otsika komanso okwera kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kutuluka pang'ono kapena kugwiritsa ntchito madzi pang'ono sikungadziwike, pomwe nthawi yoyenda kwambiri ingayambitse zolakwika zazikulu mu muyeso. Vuto lina ndi kutayika kwa kuthamanga: kapangidwe ka makina mkati kamapangitsa kuti madzi asayende bwino, zomwe zingakhudze magwiridwe antchito a makina operekera madzi.

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ma electromagnetic water meter ndi njira ina yapamwamba kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito ukadaulo. Amakhazikitsidwa pa lamulo la Faraday lokhudza kulowetsedwa kwa ma electromagnetic. Mphamvu ya maginito imapangidwa mozungulira chubu choyezera chosagwiritsa ntchito maginito cha mita ndi chokokera choyatsira. Madzi oyenda kudzera mu mphamvu ya maginitoyi akamayenda kudzera mu mphamvu ya maginitoyi, amadula mizere ya mphamvu ya maginito, zomwe zimapangitsa mphamvu ya electromotive (EMF) m'ma electrode omwe ali pamakoma a chubu. Kukula kwa EMF iyi kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi liwiro la kuyenda kwa madzi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mitayo iwerengere ndikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa kuyenda bwino kwambiri.

Ma electromagnetic meter amapereka zabwino zingapo poyerekeza ndi makina ena. Alibe ziwalo zoyenda mkati, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale mavuto okhudzana ndi kuwonongeka, kutsekeka, komanso kutayika kwa mphamvu. Kapangidwe kameneka kamawapangitsanso kuti asawonongeke ndi zinyalala m'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale abwino kwambiri poyesa madzi osaphika, madzi otayira, kapena madzi opangidwa ndi mafakitale. Chiŵerengero chawo cha kutsika kwa madzi ndi chachikulu kwambiri (nthawi zambiri 100:1 kapena kupitirira apo), zomwe zimathandiza kuyeza molondola kutuluka kwa madzi pang'ono komanso kutuluka kwa madzi ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, amalumikizana bwino ndi machitidwe anzeru, kuthandizira kuyang'anira deta nthawi yeniyeni, kuwerenga patali, komanso kuzindikira kutuluka kwa madzi—zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa kasamalidwe ka madzi anzeru ndi madera oyezera madzi m'madera (DMA).

Komabe, ma electromagnetic meter ali ndi zoletsa zawozawo. Amangoyesa madzi oyendetsera magetsi okha; zinthu zosayendetsa magetsi monga madzi osungunuka kapena mafuta zimapangitsa kuti zisagwire ntchito. Mtengo wawo woyamba ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa wa makina oyendera magetsi, zomwe zingakhale cholepheretsa kuyika magetsi m'nyumba zazikulu. Amafunikanso magetsi akunja nthawi zonse kuti apange mphamvu ya maginito ndi zizindikiro zoyendetsera magetsi, zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opanda magetsi odalirika.

Pomaliza, kusankha pakati pa makina oyezera madzi ndi ma elekitiromagineti kumadalira zofunikira zinazake zogwiritsira ntchito. Makina oyezera madzi ndi abwino kwambiri m'malo okhala omwe safuna ndalama zambiri komanso osakonzedwa bwino komwe magetsi ndi ochepa. Pakadali pano, makina oyezera madzi ndi omwe amasankhidwa kwambiri pa ntchito zamafakitale, kukonza madzi otayira, komanso maukonde anzeru amadzi omwe amafuna kulondola kwambiri, kuyenda kwa madzi ambiri, komanso luso lowunikira mwanzeru. Poyesa zinthu monga mtengo, kulondola, zosowa zokonza, ndi mawonekedwe amadzimadzi, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusankha makina oyezera omwe akugwirizana bwino ndi zolinga zawo zogwirira ntchito.