Zozungulira: Muyeso Wosavuta, Wodalirika wa Kuyenda kwa Mayendedwe Ang'onoang'ono mpaka Apakatikati

Pakatikati pa kapangidwe ka rotameter pali mfundo ya malo osinthasintha, njira yosavuta koma yothandiza yomwe imagwirizanitsa kuyenda kwa madzi ndi malo a float yosunthika. Chipangizochi chimakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri zofunika: chubu choyimitsidwa molunjika, chopapatiza (chokulirapo pang'ono kuchokera pansi kupita pamwamba) ndi float (kapena rotor) yomwe imalowa bwino mkati mwa chubu. Madzi (madzi kapena mpweya) akalowa mu chubu kuchokera pansi, amayenderera mmwamba mozungulira float, zomwe zimapangitsa kusiyana kwa kuthamanga komwe kumakweza float. Pamene float ikukwera, malo ozungulira pakati pa float ndi khoma lamkati la chubu amawonjezeka—kuchepetsa liwiro la madzi ndi kupanikizika kokwera komwe kumagwira ntchito pa float. Float pamapeto pake imakhazikika pamtunda wofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi: kuchuluka kwa madzi kumakweza float pamwamba, pomwe kuchepa kwa madzi kumalola kuti ikhazikike pansi. Sikelo yolinganizidwa kunja kwa chubu imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuwerenga mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa madzi kutengera malo a float.​

Chimodzi mwa zabwino kwambiri za ma rotameter ndi kuphweka kwawo komanso mtengo wake wotsika. Mosiyana ndi ma electromagnetic flowmeter omwe amafunikira mphamvu ndi zamagetsi zovuta, kapena ma flowmeter ambiri okhala ndi masensa ovuta, ma rotameter alibe zida zosuntha kupatula float. Kapangidwe kameneka kamachepetsa ndalama zopangira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosankha zotsika mtengo pakugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochepa—monga kuyesa kwa labotale, kuyesa mankhwala pang'ono, kapena kuchiza madzi ochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, kusowa kwawo kwa zamagetsi kumatanthauza kuti amatha kugwira ntchito m'malo akutali kapena opanda magetsi, phindu lofunika kwambiri pantchito zowunikira minda monga kusanthula zachilengedwe kapena machitidwe operekera madzi akumidzi.​

Ma Rotameter amawalanso mosavuta kuyika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Safuna kuyendetsa mapaipi molunjika (chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa ma turbine kapena ma ultrasonic flowmeters) ndipo amatha kuyikidwa molunjika popanda kukhazikitsa kwambiri—abwino kwambiri pa malo opapatiza kapena machitidwe omwe alipo pomwe kukonzanso kumakhala kovuta. Kuwerenga mwachindunji kumachotsa kufunikira kwa zowonetsera za digito kapena zolemba deta, zomwe zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kuwona kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka madzi mwachangu. Pa mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kuyang'aniridwa kosatha, ma rotameter ambiri amatha kukhala ndi zowonjezera zina monga masensa a maginito kapena zowunikira kuwala kuti asinthe malo a float kukhala chizindikiro chamagetsi (monga, 4-20mA) kuti agwirizane ndi machitidwe owongolera—kuphatikiza kuphweka ndi luso loyambira la automation.​

Mphamvu ina yofunika kwambiri ndi kusinthasintha kwawo pamitundu yonse yamadzimadzi. Ma Rotameter amatha kuyeza zakumwa (monga madzi, mafuta, mankhwala) ndi mpweya (monga mpweya, nayitrogeni, gasi wachilengedwe), ndi mapangidwe opangidwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe enaake. Mwachitsanzo, ma rotameter a galasi-chubu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zoyera, zosawononga monga madzi kapena mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuyandama kuwoneke mosavuta. Ma rotameter achitsulo-chubu (nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena mkuwa) amapangidwira zakumwa zowononga, mpweya wopanikizika kwambiri, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri—monga kuyeza zosungunulira zamafakitale kapena nthunzi. Zipangizo za float zitha kusinthidwanso: ma PTFE float kuti asagwiritse ntchito mankhwala, ma float achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa kuthamanga kwambiri, kapena ma float a ceramic a abrasive fluids—kutsimikizira kuti zikugwirizana ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale.​

Mu ntchito zenizeni, ma rotameter amatsimikizira kufunika kwawo m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Mu ma laboratories, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kuyenda kwa mpweya wonyamula mu gasi chromatography kapena kuwongolera kuwonjezera kwa ma reagents mu kuyesa kwa mankhwala—komwe kuyeza kolondola komanso kotsika ndikofunikira. Popanga, amayang'anira kuyenda kwa mafuta opaka mumakina kapena madzi ozizira mumakina opangira zida, kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa zida chifukwa cha kudzola kosakwanira kapena kupitirira muyeso. Mu uinjiniya wa zachilengedwe, amayesa kuyenda kwa mankhwala m'malo oyeretsera madzi akuda (monga ma coagulants kapena ma disinfectants) kapena kuyenda kwa mpweya m'makina owunikira mpweya—kuthandizira kutsatira miyezo yolamulira.​

Ngakhale ma rotameter ali ndi zoletsa—si olondola kwenikweni pa kuchuluka kwa madzi (nthawi zambiri amakhala pamwamba pa 100 m³/h pa zakumwa) ndipo amakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi kapena kukhuthala—mphamvu zawo zimaposa zovuta izi pakugwiritsa ntchito kwawo. Pa kuchuluka kwa madzi pang'ono mpaka apakati, komwe kusavuta, mtengo, ndi kudalirika zimayikidwa patsogolo, ma rotameter sali ofanana. Kupita patsogolo kwamakono, monga ma rotameter anzeru okhala ndi masikelo a digito ndi kulumikizana opanda zingwe, kwakulitsa kwambiri ntchito yawo, zomwe zimathandiza kuyang'anira patali ndikusunga zabwino zake zazikulu.​

Pomaliza, ma rotameter ndi umboni wa mphamvu ya uinjiniya wosavuta. Amapereka muyeso wokhazikika komanso wodalirika wa kayendedwe ka madzi popanda zovuta kapena mtengo wa ukadaulo wapamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale chida chofunikira kwambiri m'ma laboratories, mafakitale, ndi ntchito zamunda padziko lonse lapansi. Kaya amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira zinthu zoyambira kapena kuphatikiza mu machitidwe odziyimira pawokha, ma rotameter akupitilizabe kuchita gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti madzi akuyenda bwino, otetezeka, komanso otsatira malamulo m'mafakitale onse.