Kodi njira zolumikizirana zodziwika bwino za mita yamadzi ya ultrasound ndi ziti?

Monga zipangizo zanzeru zoyezera, zoyezera madzi zogwiritsa ntchito ma ultrasound zimadalira ntchito zolumikizirana kuti zikwaniritse kutumiza deta, kuyang'anira patali, ndi kuyang'anira. Njira zolumikizirana zodziwika bwino zimagawidwa m'magawo awiri: kulumikizana ndi waya ndi kulumikizana popanda waya, motere:

I. Njira Zolumikizirana ndi Waya

1. Kulankhulana kwa RS485
   • Ndi imodzi mwa njira zolumikizirana ndi waya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale. Imagwiritsa ntchito kutumiza chizindikiro chosiyana, ndi mtunda wofika mamita 1200 ndipo imathandizira maukonde a malo ambiri (mpaka zipangizo 32 zitha kulumikizidwa).
   • Ma ultrasonic water mita amalumikizana ndi ma concentrator, ma PLC, kapena makompyuta apamwamba kudzera mu ma interface a RS485 kuti akwaniritse kukweza deta nthawi yeniyeni (monga kuyenda kwadzidzidzi, kuyenda kwamadzi ochulukirapo) ndi kasinthidwe ka magawo (monga kutalika, malire a alamu).
   • Njira yolankhulirana imagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri Modbus-RTU, yomwe imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndipo ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zowongolera.
2. Basi ya M (Basi ya Meter)
   • Muyezo wa basi wopangidwira zida zoyezera, wothandizira magetsi a basi (palibe chifukwa choperekera magetsi ku mita yamadzi padera), woyenera kuwerengera mita yamadzi, mita yotenthetsera ndi zida zina pakati.
   • Mtunda wotumizira uthenga umatha kufika mamita opitilira 500, ndipo mphamvu yake yoletsa kusokonezedwa ndi yabwino kuposa RS485. Ndi mawaya osavuta (makina a waya awiri), imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyang'anira mita yamadzi m'nyumba zogona komanso m'nyumba.
3. Kutulutsa kwa Pulse
   • Ndi gawo la kulumikizana kosavuta ndi waya. Choyezera madzi chimatulutsa zizindikiro za pulse kudzera mu ma switch a bango kapena masensa a photoelectric, ndipo chiwerengero cha pulse chimagwirizana ndi momwe madzi amagwiritsidwira ntchito.
   • Kawirikawiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndi ma PLC, osonkhanitsa deta ndi zida zina kuti mupeze njira yosavuta yoyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi. Ili ndi mtengo wotsika koma ntchito imodzi yokha (yomwe imatha kutumiza deta yogwiritsidwa ntchito).

II. Njira Zolankhulirana Zopanda Waya

1. LoRa (Wailesi Yaikulu Kwambiri)
   • Kutengera ukadaulo wofalitsa ma spectrum, ili ndi mtunda wautali wotumizira mauthenga (makilomita 1-3 m'mizinda, makilomita 5-10 m'madera ozungulira), mphamvu yochepa yogwiritsira ntchito (nthawi ya batri imatha kukhala zaka 5-10), ndipo imathandizira maukonde akuluakulu (zipangizo zoposa 1,000).
   • Ndi yoyenera kuwerengera mita yamadzi patali, makamaka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo ambiri (monga maukonde a mapaipi akumatauni, makina operekera madzi akumidzi). Imatha kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi zipata za LoRa, kenako n'kulowa pa nsanja yamtambo kudzera pachipata.
2. NB-IoT (Intaneti ya Zinthu Zapang'ono)
   • Ukadaulo wa netiweki wa dera lonse wokhala ndi mphamvu zochepa wozikidwa pa ma netiweki am'manja, wophimbidwa ndi malo oyambira operekedwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito, popanda chifukwa chodzipangira zipata. Uli ndi ma transmission okhazikika komanso malo ofalikira kwambiri (umatha kulowa m'makoma ndi mapaipi apansi panthaka).
   • Imathandizira kulumikizana kwakukulu (selo iliyonse imatha kulumikiza zida 100,000) komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa (nthawi ya batri ndi zaka 3-8), yoyenera kusintha kwanzeru kwa mita yamadzi m'mizinda, kulowa mwachindunji pa nsanja yamtambo kuti ikwaniritse kuyang'anira patali komanso kusanthula deta.
3. bulutufi
   • Kulankhulana kwa waya kwa mtunda waufupi (nthawi zambiri mamita 10-100) ndi mphamvu zochepa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza zolakwika pamalopo komanso kuwerenga deta ya mtunda waufupi (monga owerenga mita akuyandikira mita yamadzi ndi zida zonyamula m'manja kuti awerenge deta).
   • Sikoyenera kuwerengera mita patali, koma ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yothandizira yolankhulirana kuti ithandize ogwira ntchito yokonza kukonza magawo kapena kuthetsa mavuto pamalopo.
4. GPRS/4G (Network ya Mafoni a M'manja)
   • Kutengera netiweki ya wogwiritsa ntchito mafoni, ili ndi liwiro lalikulu lotumizira mauthenga ndipo imatha kutumiza deta yambiri nthawi yeniyeni, koma mphamvu zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri (zimafunikira magetsi akunja kapena batire yayikulu), ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokweranso.
   • Ndi yoyenera pazochitika zomwe zimafunikira kwambiri kuti deta igwire ntchito nthawi yeniyeni (monga kuyang'anira mita yamadzi yamafakitale yayikulu) kapena ngati njira yolumikizirana yosungira njira zina zopanda zingwe.

• Kulumikizana kwa waya (RS485, M-Bus) ndikoyenera kukhazikitsa zinthu zokhazikika komanso zapakati, makamaka kukhazikika;
• Kulankhulana opanda zingwe (LoRa, NB-IoT) ndikoyenera pazochitika zofalikira komanso zazikulu, makamaka kusinthasintha;
• Kutulutsa kwa pulse ndi Bluetooth nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mosavuta kapena pokonza zolakwika zothandizira.